Python | PYTHONPATH  PYTHONPATH is an environment variable that you can set to add additional directories where Python will look for modules and packages. This is especially useful in maintaining Python libraries that you do not wish …

Python | split() and join() You can use split() method to split a string based on a delimiter to a list of strings. and join() method is used to join a list of strings based on …

Python | context manager Context managers allow you to allocate and release resources precisely when you want to. The most widely used example of context managers is the with() statement.  with open('some_file', 'w') as opened_file: opened_file.write('Hola!')   The …

Python | map() Function The map() function executes a specified function for each item in an iterable. The map() function in Python has two parameters, function and iterable. The map() function takes a function as an argument and …

Negative indexes mean that you count from the right instead of the left. So, list[-1] refers to the last element, list[-2] is the second-last, and so on.

Python program to count the number of capital letters in a file. with open(FILE_NAME) as my_file: count = 0 text = my_file.read() for character in text: if character.isupper(): count += 1 print(count)    

Django | Middleware  Middleware is something that executes between the request and response. In simple words, you can say it acts as a bridge between the request and response. Similarly In Django when a request is made …

The answer here is no. The modules with circular references to other objects, or to objects referenced from global namespaces, aren’t always freed on exiting Python. Plus, it is impossible to de-allocate portions of memory …

Python modules are the files having python code which can be functions, variables, or classes. These go by .py extension. The most commonly available built-in modules are: os math sys random re datetime JSON

Python | append() and extend() Function Both append() and extend() methods are methods used to add elements at the end of a list. append(element): append() method adds the given element at the end of the list. …

Windows | Set path and environment variables in Windows 2000 and Windows XP On the desktop, right-click the Computer icon and select Properties. or Press the  and right-click the Computer option in the Start menu, and select Properties. In the System Properties window, click the Advanced tab. In the Advanced tab, click …

Python | *args and **kwargs  *args is a special syntax used in the function definition to pass variable-length arguments. e.g: myFun(*argv) def func(*args): for i in args: print(i) func(2,3,4) #Output 2 3 4   **kwargs is …

Python | Access Specifiers Python does not make use of access specifiers specifically like private, public, protected, etc. However, it does not derive this from any variables. It has the concept of imitating the behavior of …

Python | Deep and Shallow copies Shallow copy does the task of creating new objects and storing references to original elements. This does not undergo recursion to create copies of nested objects. It just copies the …

The two static analysis tools used to find bugs in Python are Pychecker and Pylint. Pychecker detects bugs from the source code and warns about its style and complexity. While Pylint checks whether the module …